Peranan TIk dalam Bidang Pendidikan

Peranan TIK dalam Bidang Pendidikan (e-education)

Pengembangan Tekonologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) pada hakekatnya ditujukan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kenyataan menunjukan TIK telah membawa perubahan penting dalam perkembangan peradaban dunia terutama ekonomi. Bahkan abad ke-21 diyakini akan menjadi abad baru yang disebut era informasi-ekonomi (digital-economic) dengan cirri khas perdagangan yang memanfaatkan peralatan elektronik (electronic commerce). Keadaan ini mengakibatkan adanya pergeseran paradigma strategis pembangunan masyarakat dunia dari era industri menuju informasi.

Dari berbagai peranan TIK salah satunya yaitu peranan Teknlogi Informasi dan Komunikasi di bidang pendidikan (e-education) tidak dapat dihindarkan lagi. Misalnya tidak mungkin lagi mengecek jumlah siswa yang hadir mengikuti pelajaran dari tahun ke tahun hanya dengan catatan di buku tahunan saja, demikian juga hasil nilai siswa yang diperoleh selama mengkuti pendidikan hanya mengandalkan buku nilai guru, leger sekolah atau buku induk sekolah , begitu pula pekerjaan sederhana apapun pekerjaan akan menjadi lebih efisien jika menggunakan computer. Pendidikan yang menggunakan sarana TIK terutama internet biasa disebut e-education

Kecenderungan dunia pendidikan di Indonesia pada masa yang mendatang hubungannya dengan perkembangan TIK sebagai berikut :

1. Berkembangnya pendidikan terbuka dengan cara belajar jarak jauh (distance learning). Untuk menyelenggarakan pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh perlu dimasukan sebagai setrategi utama pendidikan jarak jauh dengan memanfaatkan teknologi internet secara maksimal dapat memberikan efektifitas dalam hal waktu, tempat bahkan meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan.
2. Terjadinya sharing resource (berbagi sumber daya) antara lembaga pendidikan dan pelatihan .
3. Perpustakaan dan instrument pendidikan lainnya misalnya guru dan laboratorium berfungsi sebagai fasilitator bukannya sumber informasi.
4. Penggunaan perangkat informasi interaktif seperti CD-ROM multimedia yang secara bertahap akan menggantikan fungsi papan tulis.

Manfaat internet bagi bidang pendidikan di Indonesia antara lain akan mendapatkan akses keperpustakaan, direktori sekolah, para pakar dapat melalukan perkuliahan secara online, penyediaan sarana informasi akademik lembaga pendidikan secara online dapat melaksankan kerjasama dengan lembaga lain melalui internet serta melakukan marketing dan promosi hasil karya penelitian secara lebih efisien.Disamping itu kita dapat merancang program artificial intelegence untuk membuat sebuah model rencana pengajaran.

Perkembangan TIK di bidang pendidikan memungkinkan adanya sistem belajar jarak jauh dengan menggunakan media internet untuk menghubungan antara mahasiswa dengan dosennya. Melihat nilai mahasiswa secara online, mengecek keuangan, mengecek jadwal kuliah mengirimkan berkas tugas yang diberikan dosen. Sistem pendidikan TIK terbukti telah berhasil menurunkan angka putus sekolah dan meningkatkan nilai rata-rata ujian.

Ternyata banyak sekali manfaat Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dalam kehidupan kita sehari-hari. Misalnya dalam bidang pendidikan. Dengan pendidikan dimungkinkan terjadinya penyebarluasan Teknologi Informasi dan transformasi ilmu pengetahuan untuk sektor-sektor pendidikan. Para siswa yang duduk di bangku sekolah dan mahasiswa juga terbantu dengan adanya internet dalam mengerjakan tugas sekolah atau tugas kuliah. Para mahasiswa dapat mencari bahan skripsi di internet atau para siswa mencari bahan tugas makalahnya di internet. Dengan adanya pelajaran Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi di sekolah, para siswa dapat belajar dan memanfaatkan TIK dalam kehidupan mereka sehari-hari dengan baik.

Harus kita sadari, TIK khususnya internet hanyalah merupakan alat bantu saja dan bukan menjadi solusi dalam dunia pendidikan, formal maupun nonformal. Bagaimanapun pendidikan yang bermutu didapat dari para pendidik yang bermutu ditambah dukungan pemerintah dengan kurikulum yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa didik yang diimplementasikan dengan benar dan kreatif.

Manfaat TIK dalam bidang pendidikan antara lain :  

1. Berbagi hasil penelitian, hasil penelitian yang dimuat dalam internet akan mudah dimanfaatkan orang lain disegala penjuru dunia dengan cepat.  
2. Konsultasi dengan pakar, konsultasi dangan para ahli dibidangnya dapat dilakukan dengan mudah walaupun ahli tersebut berada ditempat yang sangat jauh 
3. Perpustakaan online, perpusatakaan online adalah perpustakaan dalam bentuk digital.
4. Diskusi online. Diskusi online adalah diskusi yang dilakukan melalui internet. 
5. Kelas online. Aplikasi kelas online dapat digunakan untuk lembaga-lembaga pendidikan jarak jauh, seperti universitas dan sekolah-sekolah terbuka.

Keuntungan pemanfaatan TIK dalam bidang pendidikan bagi pelajar antara lain :

1. Dapat mengakses informasi-informasi hasil penelitian orang lain
2. Memperoleh sumber ilmu pengetahuan dengan mudah
3. Akses ke para ahli lebih mudah karena tidak dibatasi jarak dan waktu
4. Materi pelajaran dapat disampaikan interaktif dan menarik
5. Melalui belajar jarak jauh dapat menghemat biaya dan waktu.

Keuntungan pemanfaatan TIK dalam bidang pendidikan bagi penyelenggara pendidikan antara lain :

1. Dapat berbagi hasil penelitian dengan lembaga pendidikan lain
2. Dapat memberi layanan lebih baik ke peserta didik
3. Dapat menjangkau peserta didik yang tempatnya sangat jauh
4. Melalui perpustakaan online, dapat menekan biaya untuk menyediakan buku.
5. Dapat saling berbagi sumber ilmu dengan institusi lain.

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